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Publication of the Chemistry Laboratory in the journal PNAS on March 7, 2023. Communication of the CNRS-INC on March 28, 2023. Electroporation consists of perforating the cell membrane with an electric field to pass a therapeutic substance through it. A team from the Chemistry Laboratory (CNRS/ENS de Lyon/Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University) and their colleagues from the University of Freiburg im Breisgau have published in the journal PNAS some essential elements for understanding this widely used but still little understood phenomenon.

Like a work of art enshrined in a museum, some stones end up on a pedestal of ice in nature, with no human intervention. This "Zen stone" phenomenon, named after the stacked stones in Japanese gardens, appears on the surface of frozen lakes, Lake Baikal (Russia) in particular. These structures result from the phenomenon of sublimation, which causes a body, in this case ice, to change from solid to gaseous form without the intermediary form of a liquid.